• Certified QUESTIONED DOCUMENT EXAMINER
• Diplomate of the Forensic Science Society (International)

• Eight years at University of California, Berkeley, consisting of a Bachelor of Science Degree in Chemistry and three years Graduate Studies in Criminalistics

• In an overall State Forensic Science Service, examined, analyzed and evaluated physical evidence for police agencies in California in the practice of general criminalistics.  Served as expert witness in various counties of California

• Solicited by the District Attorney to design a forensic science laboratory and a system to provide scientific services to all law enforcement agencies in the county.  Included twenty six years of QUESTIONED DOCUMENT examination for Santa Clara County Law Enforcement agencies, and District Attorneys of San Mateo, Santa Cruz, San Benilo, and other counties.

• Following 26 years of Crime Laboratory Service, this consulting practice involved parameters of service involving authenticity determination of which the following are typical:

• the deterioration and change of handwriting with age and illness

• wills, especially holographic questions

• indentations

• ink differences

• paper identification

• age or document questions

• typeface characteristics and their role in manufacture identfication and document age determination

• sequence of typing

• post litem mortem situations

• erasures

• alterations and interlineations

• This practice has resulted in a broad experience that has included the fundamental aspects of handwriting identification and a knowledge of the various ingenious and artful deceptive methods by which alterations in documents are involved in the identification of non-authenticity processes such as:

TRACINGS

SIMULATED IMITATIONS     PHOTOCOPY CUT & PASTE TRANSFERS

PHOTOMECHANICAL REPRODUCTIONS

• Experience also includes the development of knowledge and skill in the use of technical photography.  ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT AND INFRARED ILLUMINATION are utilized as examination and detection devices.

• Expert Witness Experience includes City, County, Federal and Military Courts on several hundred occasions.

• Faculty, Police School, San Jose State College, 1949-1960
• Faculty, Police Program, City College of San Francisco
• Faculty, Criminalistics Program, University of California, School of Criminology, Berkeley

1. American Academy of Forensic Sciences (FELLOW)
2. American Chemical Society (LIFE MEMBER)
3. California Association of Criminalists (FOUNDER & LIFE MEMBER)
4. California Association of Crime Laboratory Directors (EMERITUS MEMBER)
5. Forensic Science Society (DIPLOMATE)
6. Association of Standards of Testing and Materials (ASTM) FIRST CHAIRMAN - Committee E-30 on Forensic Science
7. The Society of Forensic Engineers and Scientists (CHARTER MEMBER)

1. International Conference of Forensic Activation Analysis, San Diego, 1966.
2. Panelist, Second National Symposium on Science & Technology in Law Enforcement, Chicago, 1968.
3. Panelist, Third National Symposium on Science and Technology in Law Enforcement, Chicago, 1970.
4. Coordinator, Seminar on Space Technology Applications in Criminalistics, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, NASA, Pasadena.
5. Selected meetings of the American Association of Questioned Document Examiners.
6. Consultant to U.S. Department of State in an on-site study project to modernize the Crime Laboratory System of Saudi Arabia, 1975.
7. Panelist, Advanced Federal Public Defender Training Seminar, April 10, 1986, San Francisco.

Citation quoted as follows:

"In recognition of contributions to the field of Criminalistics:

• As a respected educator, author and consultant
• As a laboratory director who set the highest standards of practice and ethics
• As a forensic scientist whose ideas and efforts were instrumental in the founding of the California Association of Criminalistics and
• As an individual whose leadership of the Association left a heritage of excellence."

1. "Microscopic Evidence in Criminal Cases," Temple Law Quarterly, Vol. 31, p. 330-340.
   
   
2. "Physical Evidence Bulletin-Manual," published by Laboratory of Criminalistics, San Jose, California
   
   
3. "The California Association of Criinalists," Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology and Police Science, Vol. 53, No. 3, p. 375-379.
   
   
4. "Physical Evidence Examination, an Orientation for Lawyers," Hawaii Bar Journal, Vol. 1, No. 8, p. 29-32.
   
   
5. "General Criminalistics in the Courtroom," J. Forensic Sciences, Vol. 11, No. 3, July, 1966.
   
   
6. "Concepts in Planning a Criminalistics Operation" - - Presented at the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, 19th Annual Meeting.
   
   
7. "Criminalistics Looks Forward" - - Presented at the Second National Symposium of Law Enforcement Science and Technology, Chicago, Illinois, Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology and Police Science, Vol. 60, No. 1, p. 127-130.
   
   
8. "Scanning Electron Microscopy  - Application Potential in Criminalistics". (Submitted to Journal of Forensic Sciences)
   
   
9. "Applications of Scanning Electron Microscopy to Forensic Science at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Scanning Electron Microscope Symposium, Chicago, IL.
   
   
10. "Teamwork In the Forensic Sciences:  Report of a Case," Journal of Forensic Sciences. Vol. 18, No. 1.
    
    
11. "Research and Development Needs in Criminalistics," Proceedings of the Third National Symposium on Law Enforcement, Science and Technology, Chicago, IL, April, 1970.
    
    
12. "Problems of Ethics and Behavior in the Forensic Sciences", Journal of Forensic Sciences, Vol. 21, No. 4.
    
    
13. "Comparison of ink Writing on Documents by Means of Paper Chromatography", Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology, and Police Science, Vol. 43.
    
    
14. "Unusual Forgeries", American Society of Questioned Document Examiners, August, 1977.
    
    
15. "Quality Assurance - Considerations in the Expression of Professional Evaluations from Examinations", Proceedings of the International Assn. of Forensic Science, Oxford University, England, (Microfiche), September, 1984.
    
    

16. "Ethics in Evaluation Statements," California Association of Criminalists Newsletter, March, 1985, pp. 25-29.

17. "Quality Assurance," Journal of Forensic Sciences, Vol. 30, No. 4, October, 1985, pp. 981-958.

18. "Unusual Typewriter Identification," California Association of Criminalists Seminar, May 14, 1987.

19. "Avoiding Error in the Evaluation of Ink-Typing Intersections," California Association of Criminalists Seminar, May 20, 1988.

20. "The Science of Identification-An Emerging Process," American Academy of Forensic Sciences, Annual Meeting, February, 1995.

21. "Detection of Document Alteration by Auto Manufacturer During the Course of Litigation," The Society of Forensic Engineers and Scientists, Spring Seminar, April 12, 1997.